Notes:

For a listing of web sites that have the genealogy of family lines ofroyal houses, many noble houses and more, go to the entry "INFORMATION,Royal Houses family lines web sites" in this file.

For the sources of information, see in this file under "INFORMATION,Sources of" and also "INFORMATION, General Clan Genealogy ".

James married Margaret Oldenburg of Denmark on 13 Jul 1469. Margaret (daughter of Christian I King of Denmark and Dorothea (Von Brandenburg) Von Hohenzollern) was born about 1457; died in 1486. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In 1449 James II reached adulthood, yet in many ways his "active kingship" differed little from his minority. The Douglases used his coming of age as a way to throw the Livingstons out of the shared government, as the young king took revenge for the brief arrest of his mother (a means to remove her from political influence) that had taken place in 1439. Douglas and Crichton continued to dominate political power, and the king's ability to rule without them remained arguably limited.

But James did not acquiesce with this situation without argument, and between 1451 and 1455 he struggled to free himself from the power of the Douglases. Attempts to curb the Douglases' power took place in 1451, during the absence of the Earl of Douglas from Scotland, and culminated with the murder of Lord Douglas at Stirling Castle on 22 February 1452.

The main account of Douglas's murder comes from the Auchinleck Chronicle, a near contemporary but fragmentary source. According to its account, the king accused the Earl (probably with justification) of forging links with John Macdonald, 11th Earl of Ross (also Lord of the Isles), and Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Crawford. This bond, if it existed, created a dangerous axis of power of independently-minded men, forming a major rival to royal authority. When Douglas refused to break the bond with Ross, James broke into a fit of temper and stabbed Douglas to his death. His court officials (many of whom would rise to great influence in later years, often in former Douglas lands) then joined in the bloodbath, one allegedly striking out the Earl's brain with an axe.

This murder did not end the power of the Douglases, but rather created a state of intermittent civil war between 1452 and 1455. James attempted to seize Douglas lands, but his opponents repeatedly forced him into humiliating climbdowns, whereby he returned the lands to James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas, and a brief and uneasy peace ensued.

Military campaigns ended indecisively, and some have argued that James stood in serious danger of being overthrown, or of having to flee the country. But James's patronage of lands, titles and office to allies of the Douglases saw their erstwhile allies begin to change sides, most importantly the Earl of Crawford after the Battle of Brechin, and in May 1455 James struck a decisive blow against the Douglases, and they were finally defeated at the Battle of Arkinholm.

In the months that followed, the Parliament of Scotland declared the extensive Douglas lands forfeit and permanently annexed them to the crown, along with many other lands, finances and castles. The Earl fled into a long English exile. James finally had the freedom to govern as he wished, and one can argue that his successors as Kings of Scots never faced such a powerful challenge to their authority again. Along with the forfeiture of the Albany Stewarts in reign of James I, the destruction of the Black Douglases saw royal power in Scotland take a major step forward. - Wikipedia

James married Marie of Gueldern on 3 Jul 1449 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland. Marie (daughter of Arnold Duke of Gueldres and Catherine of Cleves) was born in 1432 in Grave; died on 1 Dec 1463 in Edinburgh, Scotland; was buried in Collegiate Church Of The Holy Trinity, Edinburgh. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"NOTES: Christian founded the Oldenburg dynasty in Denmark. He was Kingof Denmark, Norway and Sweden at various times during his reign. In 1479he founded the University of Copenhagen in the Danish capital."

http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/r36.html#I1810
Royal Genealogies -- Menu
http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/royalgen.html
Denis R. Reid
149 Kimrose Lane
Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147-1258
Internet Email address: ah189@cleveland.freenet.edu
(216) 237-5364

"King of Sweden, King of Norway, Duke of Schleswig, Duke of Holstein.
See Europ?isch Stammtafeln Band I tafel 89 and Band II tafel 72."
From
http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal01827
At
Royal and Noble Genealogical Data on the Web
http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/GEDCOM.html
Directory of Royal Genealogical Data
http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/royal/
Peerages in Order of Precedence
http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/royal/peerage.html
Master Index to royal Genealogical Data - ordered by lastname
http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/royal/gedx.html
Author: Brian Tompsett.

Christian + Dorothea (Von Brandenburg) Von Hohenzollern. Dorothea (daughter of John III (Margraveofbrandenburg) Von Hohenzollen and Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg) was born in 1430; died in 1495. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

For a listing of web sites that have the genealogy of family lines ofroyal houses, many noble houses and more, go to the entry "INFORMATION,Royal Houses family lines web sites" in this file.

For a listing of web sites that have the genealogy of family lines ofroyal houses, many noble houses and more, go to the entry "INFORMATION,Royal Houses family lines web sites" in this file.

For the sources of information, see in this file under "INFORMATION,Sources of" and also "INFORMATION, General Clan Genealogy ".

James married Joan (of Somerset) Beaufort on 2 Feb 1422-1423 in Priory Church, St Mary Overy, Southwark. Joan (daughter of John (1st Earl of Somerset) Beaufort and Margaret (of Kent) Holland) was born about 1406; died on 15 Jul 1445 in Dunbar Castle; was buried in Monastry Of Charterhouse Perth. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Arnold married Catherine of Cleves on 26 Jan 1429-1430. Catherine (daughter of Adolf I (Von Leve) Duke of Cleves and Marie De Bourgogne) was born on 25 May 1417 in Kleve; died on 10 Feb 1478-1479. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Dietrich married Hedwig of Holstein in 1423. Hedwig (daughter of Gerhard VI (Duke of Holstein) of Holstein and Elizabeth of Brunswick) died in 1436. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John + Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg. Barbara (daughter of Rudolf III Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg and Barbara of Liegnitz) was born about 1405; died on 10 Oct 1465. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]