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On this day in 1342, Philip II, Duke of Burgundy was born (d. 27 April 1404).

He was the 4th son of King John II of France and his wife, Bonne of Luxembourg. By his marriage to Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, he also became Count of Flanders, of Artois and of Burgundy. He was the founder of the Burgundian branch of the House of Valois.

Born in 1342, Philip gained his cognomen the Bold when, at the age of 14, he fought beside and was captured with is father at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356. He was created Duke of Touraine in 1360, but in 1363, as a reward for his behavior at Poitiers, he returned this to the crown, receiving instead from his father the Duchy of Burgundy in apanage, a title his father had held since the death of Philip of Rouvres in 1361. Philip ruled the Duchy until his death.

On 19 June 1369, Philip married the 19-year old Margaret of Dampierre, the daughter of Louis II, Count of Flanders, who would become the heiress of Flanders, Brabant, Artois, and the Free County of Burgundy after the death of her brother in 1376.

Philip died in Halle, County of Hainaut (modern Belgium), on 27 April 1404. His territories were bequeathed to his eldest son, John the Fearless, who inherited also Philip's political position in France and leadership of the Burgundians against Orléans. He became an ancestor to Mary von Egmond, the Queen Consort of King James II.

Later, in 1423 the Scottish nobleman Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas, a commander on the French side in the Hundred Years' War was created Duke of Touraine, but he was killed at the Battle of Verneuil in 1424. His son Lord Wigtown, absent in Scotland, was believed in France to have died without issue, so the title was presumed extinct. When it became apparent that Wigtown had succeeded his father as Earl of Douglas, he was confirmed in the title Duke of Touraine, though not the lands. He died in 1439 and the male line of the fourth Earl of Douglas became extinct on the death of William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas the following year.

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